For the source text click/tap here: Sanhedrin 55
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The last Mishna on our daf introduces the law that applies to a megaddef – someone who commits blasphemy by cursing God.
According to the Mishna, a megaddef will not be held liable for his blasphemy until he clearly utters the Name of God.
The source for the term megaddef appears in Sefer Bamidbar 15:30, although the simple meaning of the word as it appears there does not refer to cursing or blasphemy – most of the commentaries understand that that is a reference to someone who practices avoda zara – idol worship. The Sages, however, never want to make use of the term “cursing” in the context of cursing God.
We explore the parameters of the blasphemer from its ancient near eastern sources.