For the source text click/tap here: Kiddushin 67
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Steinsaltz says:
The Mishna (66b) offers guidelines for determining the family and legal status of a child. If a child is born from a union of two people who can marry each other, the child’s status follows the father (e.g. if he is a kohen or a levi). If the relationship that produced the child is a forbidden relationship, sometimes the child is defined by the relationship itself (e.g. a kohen who marries a divorcee, where the child is a halal – he is not a kohen and cannot marry into a priestly family), sometimes it follows the status of the mother (e.g. a shifha kena’anit – a non-Jewish maidservant’s child would be a slave), and sometimes the child is a mamzer.
We explore the history and switch between patrilineal and matrilineal descent and how it informed the liberal and conservative movements in their deliberations.